For · Regulatory & Compliance Research

Binding law. Guidance. Draft.
Enforcement position. Proposed amendment.
These are not the same.

A compliance team advises the board that a new AI regulation is likely to require a specific disclosure standard. The advice is based on a Commission guidance note — not a Regulation. Eighteen months later the Regulation passes with a different standard. The board wanted binding law; the team was tracking soft guidance. The distinction was never made explicit in the advice.

Regulatory intelligence that does not distinguish by source tier and document status is not intelligence. It is summaries of text.

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Not all regulatory sources are
epistemically equivalent.

Epistamate's source credibility tier system enforces the distinction automatically. Every claim carries the tier of its source. The confidence formula penalises claims from lower-tier sources regardless of how many times they are cited.

Tier 1 — Binding

Primary law & binding instruments

Regulations, Directives, Acts, Treaties, Decisions. These have direct legal effect. Claims sourced here carry maximum tier credit. They are treated differently from everything else — by the formula, not by analyst judgment.

Tier 2 — Authoritative

Official guidance & enforcement positions

Commission communications, regulatory authority guidance notes, official Q&A documents, consultation responses. Authoritative but not binding. Claims from these sources score differently — and the distinction is visible in every score breakdown.

Tier 3 — Informative

Proposals, drafts, commentary

Legislative proposals, draft standards, academic commentary, industry positions. Informative for tracking direction — not evidence of current obligations. Claims that only cite Tier 3 sources cannot achieve high confidence scores regardless of how authoritative the prose sounds.

Regulatory intelligence that knows
what it knows and what it doesn't.

01

Regulatory status tracked at the claim level

A claim about GDPR Article 22 obligations is not the same as a claim about a proposed amendment to Article 22. Epistamate tracks the source tier and document status of every claim. When a regulation passes, claims that were previously sourced to Tier 3 (proposal) can be re-run against the enacted text and rescored.

RegWatch domain: A purpose-built regulatory intelligence slice with jurisdiction-specific source tier hierarchies, obligation claim types, and a compliance status output format. In active development.
02

Article 12 compatible decision log — by default

The EU AI Act Article 12 requires that high-risk AI systems maintain logs that enable post-hoc auditability — what the system did, on what basis, at what point in time. Epistamate's Decision Log produces exactly this: an immutable record of the full evidence state at the moment a compliance decision was logged.

This is not a compliance feature added to the product. It is the structural output of how the engine works. Every session produces a Decision Log entry. Every Decision Log entry records what was known, contested, and uncertain at the moment of logging. Qualified legal counsel must assess applicability to specific use cases.
03

Cross-jurisdictional contradiction detection

A compliance claim that holds under GDPR is contested under the California Consumer Privacy Act. A safety obligation established in the EU AI Act has no direct equivalent in the UK's AI framework. These contradictions are typed, tracked, and visible — not buried in a 40-page comparison document that nobody reads the cross-references in.

For multinational compliance teams: The contradiction graph between jurisdictions is as important as the claims themselves. It is a first-class output.
04

Gap tracking for pending obligations

A gap in the regulatory intelligence — "the enforcement position of the ICO on this specific provision is not yet established" — is not the same as "there is no obligation." Gaps are typed, tracked, and carry importance ratings. The compliance brief tells the reader not just what is known but where the regulatory picture is still forming.

Board-ready output: "We have a HIGH importance gap on enforcement position for Article 6(1)(f) legitimate interest in this jurisdiction. This is a known unknown, not an oversight."

Where the pattern fits
most directly.

🤖

AI regulation

EU AI Act, UK AI framework, NIST RMF, proposed US federal AI legislation — all in motion simultaneously, often in conflict. The claim graph tracks what is binding where, what is proposed where, and what the enforcement position is where it exists.

🔐

Data protection & privacy

GDPR, CCPA, PIPEDA, PDPB — across jurisdictions. Claims about data subject rights, lawful bases, and controller obligations are jurisdiction-specific and source-tier-dependent. The engine enforces these distinctions structurally.

🏦

Financial services

MiFID II, Basel IV, DORA, SEC AI guidance — regulatory obligations in financial services are dense, overlapping, and frequently updated. The knowledge graph means the second update cycle on the same topic starts from what was verified in the first.

🌱

Sustainability & ESG

CSRD, SFDR, TCFD, taxonomy regulations — mandatory disclosure obligations with significant variation between what is required, what is voluntary, and what is proposed. Source tier enforcement is essential; the policy landscape is moving fast enough that draft and enacted are routinely confused.

If your team does regulatory intelligence that needs to hold up —

We're talking to compliance teams, regulatory intelligence practices, and in-house legal functions in active development. We'd like to understand the specific workflow problem before describing the solution.

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